Household types, 1990-2000
Volunteer trends
Global maternity leave benefits
Divorce
Defining welfare policy

 

 

 

Household Types, 1990-2000
1990 2000
Number
Percent
 Number
Percent
Total Households 91,947,410
100%
 105,480,101
100%
Married Couple 50,708,322
55%
 54,493,232
51.6%

With Children*

23,494,726
25.5%

24,835,505
23.5%

Without Children*

27,213,596
29.6%

29,657,727
28.1%

Female Householder, no spouse

10,666,043
11.6%

12,900,103
12.2%

With Children under 18*

6,028,409
6.5%

7,561,874
7.1%
Without Children*
4,637,634
5.0%
5,338,229
5.0%
Male Householder, no spouse
3,143,582
3.4%
4,394,012
4.1%
With Children*
1,354,540
1.4%
2,190,989
2.0%
Without Children*
1,789,042
1.9%
2,203,023
2.0%
Non-Family Households
27,429,463
29.8%
33,692,754
31.9%
Living Alone
22,580,420
24.5%
27,230,075
25.8%
Two or More Persons
4,849,043
5.2%
6,462,679
6.1%

 

 

Trends in Time Spent Volunteering

 



Global Maternity Leave Benefits

Nation

 

Leave

 

% pay

 

Who pays?

 
Afghanistan 90 days 100 Employer
Algeria 14 weeks 100 Social Security
Canada 17 weeks 55 UI
China 90 days 100 Employer
Colombia 12 weeks 100 SS
Costa Rica 4 months 100 Half Employer/SS
Cuba 18 weeks 100 SS
El Salvador 12 weeks 75 SS
Ethiopia 90 days 100 Employer
Finland 105 days 80 Social Security
France 16-26 weeks 100 S
Germany 14 weeks 100 S.S./employer
Guatemala 12 weeks 100 33%Emp/67%SS
Hungary 24 weeks 100 SS
India 12 weeks 100 Employer/SS
Iraq 62 days 100 SS
Ireland 14 weeks 70% SS
Italy 5 months 80 SS
Japan 14 weeks 60% SS or health ins
Kenya 8 weeks 100% Employer
Luxembourg 16 weeks 100 SS
Malta 13 weeks 100 SS
Netherlands 16 weeks 100 SS
NewZealand 14 weeks 0
Nigeria 12 weeks 50 Employer
Norway 18 weeks 100 SS / 26 wks extra paid for either pt
Pakistan 12 weeks 100 Employer
Portugal 98 days 100 SS
Romania 112 days 50-94 SS
Russian Fed'n 20 weeks 100 Soc Sec
Spain 16 weeks 100 SS
Sweden 450 days paid parental leave, 360 at 75%, 90 at flat rate (SS)
Switzerland 8 weeks 100 Employer
Ukraine 126 days 100 SS
UK 14-18 weeks 90% SS

U.S.

 12 weeks 0 SS



Divorce and why waged/unwaged labor is so important...

Married couple:

Presume a mutually-agreed upon divorce with no assets.  How to split family income?

Jill will maintain custody of their four children

Jack $49,774 /yr Truck driver
Jill $4,500 / yr FT mom, PT childcare
 total $54,274 2.5x poverty line, family of 6

    

 

Econ students suggest:

Jack $19,774 /yr 2.2x poverty line
Jill $30,000 / yr +4500  
       $34,500 = 1.6x poverty line, family of 5

 

 

Jack's lawyer suggests:

Jack $39,774 /yr 4.4x poverty line
Jill $10,000 / yr +4500 Child support
       $14,500 = .7 of poverty line, family of 5

 

 

Judge's settlement

Jack $27,574 /yr 3x poverty line
Jill

$15,000
$  7,200
$  4,500

Child support
Spousal support
part-time income
       $26,700 = 1.3x of poverty line, family of 5

 

 

 

How should we define a welfare policy?

 

"California will operate a program to provide temporary assistance to needy families so that children may be cared for in their own homes or in the homes of relatives;

This program is known as the California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids (CalWORKS) Program"